Trigger Point Injection: Overview, Preparation, Procedure, Recovery, Risks, and Aftercare
Overview
Using trigger point injections, which are localized areas of muscle spasm and inflammation, relieves muscle pain and discomfort. Trigger point injections deliver medication directly into these areas to relieve pain and promote muscle relaxation. These trigger points often result in pain, stiffness, and limited range of motion in the affected muscle.
Preparation
Patients should consider the following before undergoing trigger point injections:
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The purpose of a medical evaluation is to assess patients' symptoms, identify trigger points, and determine the appropriate treatment plan.
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Health care provider discussion: Patients discuss potential benefits, risks, and alternatives with their healthcare provider.
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Patients provide informed consent after receiving detailed information about the procedure, including its purpose, potential side effects, and expected results.
Procedure
Typically, trigger point injection involves the following steps:
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An antiseptic solution is used to clean the skin overlying the trigger point before positioning the patient comfortably.
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Injection: A thin needle is inserted into the affected muscle by the healthcare provider using palpation or ultrasound guidance. Local anesthetics and corticosteroids are delivered directly into the trigger point by the needle, such as lidocaine.
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A healthcare provider may use either a dry needle technique, where a needle is inserted without medication being injected, or a wet needle technique, where medication is injected.
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During the same session, multiple injections may be administered depending on the number and location of trigger points.
Recovery
Patients may experience the following symptoms after receiving trigger point injections:
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Following the injection, some patients may experience immediate relief from muscle pain and stiffness.
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It is common to experience mild soreness or discomfort at the injection site for a few days after the injection.
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After the procedure, patients are typically able to resume their normal activities immediately, although strenuous physical activity may be avoided for a short time.
Risks
Trigger point injections are generally considered safe, but there are certain risks and complications to consider, including:
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There may be temporary soreness, bruising, or redness at the injection site.
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Rarely, infection may develop at the injection site.
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Medications used in the injection may cause an allergic reaction in some individuals.
Aftercare
Patients are advised to follow these steps after trigger point injections:
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Monitor side effects: Report any unusual symptoms or side effects to their healthcare provider as soon as possible.
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Ice can help reduce swelling and discomfort at the injection site.
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Assess treatment effectiveness and determine if additional injections are needed by scheduling follow-up appointments with their healthcare provider.
Patients who undergo trigger point injection therapy can effectively manage muscle pain and discomfort associated with trigger points, improve their range of motion, and enhance their overall health.
