Lasik Surgery: Overview, Preparation, Procedure, Recovery, Risks, and Aftercare
In situ Keratomileusis, orlasik surgery, is a popular elective surgical procedure that corrects refractive errors and improves vision without the need for contact lenses or glasses. For people seeking clearer vision, it is one of the most commonly performed laser eye surgeries in the world.
Preparation
In preparation for Lasik surgery, patients typically undergo the following steps:
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During a consultation with a refractive surgeon, the surgeon will evaluate the patient's eye health, assess refractive errors, and determine whether Lasik is right for them.
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A comprehensive eye examination is necessary to determine whether the patient is a good candidate for Lasik surgery based on corneal thickness, pupil size, and overall eye health.
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A detailed medical history should be provided, including any pre-existing conditions, medications, or previous eye surgeries. Certain medical conditions or medications may affect Lasik surgery eligibility.
Procedure
Typically, Lasik involves the following steps:
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As a form of anesthesia, numbing drops are applied to the patient's eyes to ensure comfort throughout the procedure. A mild sedative may also be administered to help the patient relax.
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An outer layer of the cornea is created with a microkeratome or femtosecond laser. This flap is then gently lifted to expose the underlying corneal tissue.
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A computer-controlled excimer laser reshapes the cornea's curvature based on the patient's refractive error by removing microscopic amounts of corneal tissue.
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As soon as the corneal reshaping is complete, the surgeon repositions the corneal flap into place, where it adheres naturally without sutures.
Recovery
Following Lasik surgery, patients can expect the following recovery process:
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After the procedure, many patients experience improved vision right away, though some discomfort and blurriness are common at first.
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Following surgery, patients should rest and avoid strenuous activities. They should also refrain from rubbing their eyes to prevent dislodging the corneal flap.
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Attend all scheduled follow-up appointments with the surgeon to monitor healing progress, assess visual acuity, and address any concerns.
Risks
There are potential risks and complications associated with Lasik surgery, including:
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Some patients may experience dry eyes following surgery, which can be managed with lubricating eye drops.
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Refractive error undercorrection or overcorrection: Certain cases may result in undercorrection or overcorrection of refractive error. Additional treatments may be needed to refine visual outcomes.
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Following Lasik surgery, flap complications, such as flap dislocation or irregular flap healing, may occur.
Aftercare
The following instructions should be followed after Lasik surgery:
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As directed by the surgeon, use prescribed eye drops to promote healing, reduce inflammation, and prevent dryness.
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During the healing process, wear protective eyewear, such as sunglasses, to shield the eyes from bright sunlight.
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Make sure you attend all follow-up appointments with the surgeon to monitor healing progress, assess visual acuity, and address any concerns.
