Hand Surgery: Overview, Preparation, Procedure, Recovery, Risks, and Aftercare
A hand surgeon performs surgery to treat injuries, deformities, or conditions affecting the hand, wrist, or fingers. Hand surgery is usually performed by orthopedic surgeons, plastic surgeons, or specialized hand surgeons based on the nature of the condition. It aims to restore function, alleviate pain, and improve the appearance of the hand.
Preparation
Following are the steps involved in preparing for hand surgery:
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The surgeon evaluates the condition of the hand and determines the best surgical approach after discussing the patient's medical history, symptoms, and treatment options.
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In order to assess overall health and identify any underlying medical conditions that may affect the surgery or recovery process, a comprehensive medical evaluation may be performed.
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In some cases, imaging studies such as X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans may be ordered to assess the extent of the injury or condition.
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Some medications, such as blood thinners, herbal supplements, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can increase the risk of bleeding during surgery and should be stopped.
Procedure
Hand surgery procedures vary depending on the underlying condition or injury. Common hand surgery procedures include:
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Pins, screws, plates, or wires may be used to realign and stabilize broken bones in the hand or wrist.
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Repair of damaged or severed tendons in the hand or wrist can restore function and mobility.
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Hand and wrist ligament injuries may require surgical reconstruction to restore stability and prevent further damage.
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Injured or compressed nerves in the hand or wrist may be repaired surgically, restoring sensation and function.
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In severe cases of arthritis or joint damage in the hand or wrist, joint replacement surgery may be necessary to alleviate pain and improve mobility.
Recovery
Hand surgery recovery varies depending on the type and extent of the procedure. However, common aspects of recovery include:
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After surgery, patients are monitored closely in the recovery area. Pain medications, elevation, and ice packs can help manage pain, swelling, and bruising.
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A splint, cast, or brace may be applied to immobilize the hand and wrist during the initial healing process.
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The hand and wrist may benefit from physical therapy or occupational therapy to regain strength, flexibility, and function.
Risks
As with any surgical procedure, hand surgery has certain risks and potential complications, including:
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Infection
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Bleeding
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Nerve damage
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Scarring
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Stiffness
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Reduced range of motion
Aftercare
Following hand surgery, patients may benefit from the following aftercare measures:
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To monitor healing progress, remove sutures or casts, and address any concerns or complications, follow-up appointments with the surgeon are crucial.
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Continuing hand therapy exercises at home or through outpatient therapy can help optimize recovery and regain function in the hand and wrist.
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It is recommended that patients avoid overuse or repetitive activities that may strain or stress the hand during the initial recovery period. Gradual return to normal activities is advised under the guidance of the surgeon or therapist.
