Epidural Steroid Injection: Overview, Preparation, Procedure, Recovery, Risks, and Aftercare
Overview
The epidural steroid injection (ESI) is a minimally invasive procedure used to relieve pain and inflammation in the spine by injecting corticosteroid medication into the epidural space around the spinal nerves.
Preparation
In order to prepare for an epidural steroid injection, patients may need to follow these steps:
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To assess their overall health and suitability for the procedure, patients may undergo a medical evaluation.
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In some cases, imaging tests, such as X-rays or MRI scans, may be performed in order to determine the precise injection location.
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Prior to the procedure, patients may need to temporarily stop taking certain medications, such as blood thinners.
Procedure
Typically, epidural steroid injection involves the following steps:
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A patient lies face down on an examination table, and the skin over the injection site is cleaned and sterilized.
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At the injection site, a local anesthetic is administered to numb the skin and underlying tissues.
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Fluoroscopy (real-time X-ray guidance) is used to inject corticosteroids and local anesthetics into the epidural space in the spine.
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A fluoroscopy or contrast dye may be used to confirm that the needle has been inserted correctly and that the medication has been delivered to the correct location.
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An injection site may be covered with a small bandage after the injection.
Recovery
The epidural steroid injection is usually monitored for a short period of time in a recovery area. Patients may experience mild discomfort or numbness in the back or legs, but these symptoms usually subside quickly. Most patients can resume normal activities shortly after the procedure, although strenuous activities may be limited for a short period of time.
Risks
Epidural steroid injections are generally considered safe, but they do carry some risks, including:
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Infection at the injection site
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Bleeding
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Nerve damage
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Allergic reaction to the medication
Despite being rare, these risks should be discussed with a healthcare provider before undergoing the procedure.
Aftercare
Patients may be advised to do the following after an epidural steroid injection:
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To reduce swelling and discomfort, apply ice to the injection site.
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Due to anesthesia effects, do not drive or operate heavy machinery for the rest of the day.
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Follow any specific post-procedure instructions provided by their healthcare provider, such as limitations on physical activity and medication usage.
Conclusion
Spine pain and inflammation can be managed with epidural steroid injections. These injections can provide effective relief for conditions like herniated discs, spinal stenosis, and sciatica by delivering corticosteroid medication directly to the affected area. Talk to your healthcare provider about the potential benefits and risks of an epidural steroid injection if you are considering it.
