Endoscopic Surgery: Overview, Preparation, Procedure, Recovery, Risks, and Aftercare
Overview
It is a surgical method that uses specialized instruments and a camera (endoscope) to perform procedures through small incisions, also known as minimally invasive surgery or keyhole surgery. Compared to traditional open surgery, this approach minimizes trauma to surrounding tissues, reduces recovery time, and often results in less pain.
Preparation
Before undergoing endoscopic surgery:
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During the medical evaluation, patients are assessed for their overall health and suitability for the procedure.
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Patients receive specific instructions regarding fasting, medication adjustments, and other preparations from their healthcare provider before surgery.
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In order to determine the most appropriate anesthesia technique for the patient, the anesthesia team may assess the patient depending on the type of procedure and the patient's health status.
Procedure
The endoscopic surgery procedure typically involves the following steps:
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For comfort during the procedure, the patient is given general anesthesia or local anesthesia with sedation.
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A small incision is made near the surgical site to insert the endoscope and surgical instruments.
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To visualize the surgical area, an endoscope equipped with a camera and light source is inserted through one of the incisions.
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Under direct visualization provided by the endoscope, the surgeon performs the necessary surgical manipulations using specialized instruments inserted through the other incisions.
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At the end of the procedure, the incisions are closed with sutures or adhesive strips, and a sterile dressing is applied.
Recovery
After endoscopic surgery:
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In a recovery room, patients are monitored until they are fully awake and stable.
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It is possible to be discharged from the hospital or surgical center on the same day or require an overnight stay depending on the complexity of the procedure and the patient's condition.
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Instructions on postoperative care include activity restrictions, wound care, pain management, and follow-up appointments.
Risks
In spite of the fact that endoscopic surgery is generally considered safe, any surgical procedure carries inherent risks, including:
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Rarely, bleeding may occur during or after the procedure, requiring intervention.
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The incision sites or the body cavity where the surgery was performed are at risk for infection.
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During endoscopic surgery, it is possible to inadvertently damage nearby organs or structures.
Aftercare
After endoscopic surgery, patients should:
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Observe all postoperative instructions provided by their healthcare provider, including medication regimens, wound care, and activity restrictions.
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Follow-up Appointments: Attend follow-up appointments to monitor healing progress and address any concerns.
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As directed by your healthcare provider, gradually resume normal activities, avoiding strenuous activities until you have been cleared to do so.
Many benefits can be gained from endoscopic surgery, including reduced postoperative pain, faster recovery, and improved cosmetic results. Endoscopic surgery can be successful when patients understand the procedure, risks, and aftercare instructions.
