Discography: Overview, Preparation, Procedure, Recovery, Risks, and Aftercare
Overview
A discography, also called a discogram, is a procedure that involves injecting contrast dye into one or more spinal discs to identify the source of back or neck pain.
Preparation
The following steps are typically involved in discography preparation:
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Patient medical evaluation: An in-depth medical evaluation is conducted to assess the patient's overall health and discuss any underlying medical conditions or medications that may affect the procedure.
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X-rays, MRI scans, or CT scans may be reviewed to identify discs that need to be evaluated during discography.
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Prior to the procedure, the patient may be instructed to adjust or discontinue certain medications, such as blood thinners, to reduce the risk of bleeding.
Procedure
Under sterile conditions, a needle is inserted under fluoroscopic guidance (real-time X-ray) into the targeted spinal disc after the patient is positioned on an X-ray table.
A contrast dye injection is administered into the disc, causing it to expand and possibly reproduce the patient's symptoms. If necessary, multiple discs may be injected.
To visualize the distribution of contrast dye within the disc and assess any abnormalities, such as tears or leaks, an X-ray image is taken after the injection.
Recovery
Many patients can return home shortly after discography, although some may experience mild discomfort at the injection site, which typically subsides within a few days.
Usually, patients are advised to rest and avoid strenuous activities for the remainder of the day following discography. They should also drink plenty of fluids to flush out the contrast dye.
Risks
In spite of discography being considered a safe procedure, it does carry certain risks and potential complications, including:
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Bleeding or infection at the injection site
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Allergic reaction to the contrast dye
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Nerve injury or damage during needle insertion
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Exacerbation of existing back or neck pain
There are, however, generally few risks associated with discography, and most patients tolerate it well.
Aftercare
Patients are typically advised to follow these steps after discography:
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For a few days following the injection, avoid strenuous activities and heavy lifting.
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Drink plenty of water to help flush out the contrast dye.
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In case of increased pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site, contact their healthcare provider.
Depending on the results of the discography, patients may receive instructions for follow-up appointments to discuss further treatment options.
