This article explores the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and prevention strategies associated with pityriasis alba, a common skin condition primarily affecting children and adolescents.
Causes
There is no clear cause for pityriasis alba, but it is believed that it is caused by dry skin, mild inflammation, and exposure to the sun. People with eczema or atopic dermatitis are more likely to suffer from pityriasis alba. Individuals with darker skin tones are also more likely to suffer from it.
Symptoms
This condition is characterized by patches of lighter skin that are usually round or oval in shape (hypopigmented). Patches usually appear dry, scaly, and may have a fine, flaky appearance. The patches are most commonly found on the face, particularly on the cheeks, but can also occur on the arms and trunk. Individuals with darker skin tones may notice the patches more.
Diagnosis
A healthcare professional may perform a physical examination and review the medical history of an individual in order to diagnose pityriasis alba based on the characteristic appearance of the skin lesions. It may be necessary to perform a skin biopsy to rule out other skin conditions with similar symptoms in some cases.
Treatment
A few measures can help alleviate symptoms and promote healing of pityriasis alba without any treatment. Moisturizing the affected areas with emollient creams and ointments can help hydrate the skin and reduce dryness and scaling. For short-term relief from itching or inflammation, hydrocortisone creams can be used over-the-counter. Sunscreen with a high SPF and protective clothing and hats should be worn when outdoors to prevent further lightening of the patches.
Prevention
While there are no specific preventive measures for pityriasis alba, maintaining good skin hygiene and moisturizing regularly can help prevent dry skin and reduce the risk of developing this condition. In addition to avoiding excessive sun exposure and using sunscreen, minimizing the appearance of pityriasis alba can also be achieved by minimizing the lightening of the patches.
