Causes of Ovarian Remnant Syndrome
The ovarian remnant syndrome (ORS) occurs after a woman has had a bilateral oophorectomy (removal of both ovaries).
-
An incomplete removal occurs when small pieces of ovarian tissue are left behind after surgery.
-
An adhesion is scar tissue that traps ovarian tissue after surgery.
-
Failure to identify and remove all ovarian tissue during surgery is a misdiagnosis.
Symptoms of Ovarian Remnant Syndrome
The following symptoms may be associated with ORS:
-
Persistent or cyclical pain in the pelvis.
-
Symptoms of menstrual cramps: Irregular bleeding.
-
Intercourse pain: A feeling of discomfort or pain during sexual activity.
-
Symptoms of abdominal swelling include bloating or distension in the lower abdomen.
Diagnosis of Ovarian Remnant Syndrome
The following steps are involved in diagnosing ORS:
-
Evaluation of symptoms and medical history, including surgical history.
-
Examination of the pelvis to detect signs of ovarian tissue.
-
A pelvic ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging study is conducted to visualize pelvic structures and identify any remaining ovarian tissue.
-
The purpose of hormone testing is to detect abnormal ovarian function by checking hormone levels.
Treatment of Ovarian Remnant Syndrome
There are several treatment options available for ORS, including:
-
The remaining ovarian tissue is removed surgically by laparoscopic or open surgery.
-
The use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or hormonal suppression to manage symptoms.
-
Management of pelvic pain and discomfort with medications.
Prevention of Ovarian Remnant Syndrome
Among the preventive measures are:
-
During oophorectomy, ensure that all ovarian tissue is removed completely.
-
Expertise of the surgeon: Choose a surgeon with experience in gynecological procedures.
-
Monitoring with healthcare providers post-surgery to detect recurrences or complications.
Healthcare providers can effectively manage and provide appropriate care for women with ovarian remnant syndrome by understanding the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and preventive measures associated with it.
