Causes of Nephrosclerosis
As a result of long-standing hypertension (high blood pressure), kidney nephrosclerosis hardens or scars its small blood vessels.
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Diabetes mellitus
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Blood vessel changes associated with aging
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Chronic kidney disease
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Renal artery atherosclerosis
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Blood vessel disorders caused by autoimmunity
Symptoms of Nephrosclerosis
Symptoms of nephrosclerosis may appear as kidney damage progresses and may include:
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Hypertension (high blood pressure)
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Urinary proteinuria (protein in the urine)
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Leg swelling (edema)
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Fatigue
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Urine output is reduced
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Nighttime urination (nocturia)
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Headaches
Diagnosis of Nephrosclerosis
Diagnosis involves:
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Review of medical history, focusing on hypertension and diabetes
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Examination of the body, checking blood pressure, and looking for signs of kidney disease
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Tests to evaluate kidney function (e.g., serum creatinine, BUN)
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Tests to detect proteinuria and assess kidney function in the urine
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An ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI can be used to evaluate kidney structure and blood flow
Treatment of Nephrosclerosis
Hypertension is managed and kidney damage is slowed by the following treatments:
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A low-sodium diet, regular exercise, and weight control are among the lifestyle changes that can be made.
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ACE inhibitors, ARBs, or diuretics can lower blood pressure.
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Diabetic or atherosclerotic conditions can be managed.
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Renal function monitoring: Regular check-ups to assess kidney health and adjust treatment as necessary.
Prevention of Nephrosclerosis
The following preventive measures focus on managing risk factors and maintaining kidney health:
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The key to controlling blood pressure is regular monitoring and adherence to treatment.
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The best way to manage diabetes is through a healthy diet, medication, and regular medical checkups.
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Living a healthy lifestyle includes eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption.
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Nephrosclerosis can be detected and treated early through regular medical checkups.
Nephrosclerosis, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and prevention strategies, is discussed in this concise overview.
