Causes of Neonatal Conjunctivitis
Ophthalmia neonatorum, also known as neonatal conjunctivitis, is an eye infection in newborns.
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Infections caused by bacteria (e.g., Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae)
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Infections caused by viruses (e.g., herpes simplex virus)
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Inflammatory chemicals (e.g., eye drops used after birth)
Symptoms of Neonatal Conjunctivitis
The following symptoms may be present:
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Eyelid swelling and redness
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Watery or pus-like discharge from the eyes
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Tearing and irritation
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After sleeping, the eyelids stick together
Diagnosis of Neonatal Conjunctivitis
Diagnosis involves:
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Examining the eyes clinically
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Testing the eye discharge for causative agents in a laboratory
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Infection history review of the mother
Treatment of Neonatal Conjunctivitis
Depending on the underlying cause, treatment will vary:
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Infections caused by bacteria: Antibiotic eye drops or ointments; systemic antibiotics may be necessary in severe cases.
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Herpes infections are treated with antiviral medications.
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Supportive care and saline flushing for chemical irritation.
Prevention of Neonatal Conjunctivitis
Among the preventive measures are:
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Pregnant women should be screened and treated for sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
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Newborns should be given antibiotic eye drops or ointment shortly after birth as a preventative measure.
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Maintaining good hygiene during delivery and during neonatal care.
A concise overview of neonatal conjunctivitis covers its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies.
