Causes
During childhood, laryngoceles are abnormal air-filled sacs that form within the larynx. The exact cause of congenital laryngeal saccule is unclear, but it may be caused by an abnormality in its development. It can either be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life. As a result of playing wind instruments, chronic coughing, or heavy lifting, laryngoceles can occur when the larynx is under increased pressure.
Symptoms
Laryngocele symptoms vary depending on its size and whether it is internal or external.
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Changes in voice quality, such as hoarseness or breathiness.
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Stridor (a wheezing sound) or shortness of breath, especially if the laryngocele obstructs the airway.
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Swelling in the neck that fluctuates in size.
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A persistent cough, sometimes accompanied by mucus.
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Throat or neck pain: Discomfort or pain in the throat or neck.
Diagnosis
There are several steps involved in diagnosing a laryngocele:
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Examine the neck and throat thoroughly and review the patient's medical history.
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In laryngoscopy, a flexible or rigid scope is inserted through the nose or mouth to visualize the larynx.
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CT scans or MRIs can be used to confirm the presence of a laryngocele and to assess its size and extent.
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It is sometimes used to provide additional views of the larynx and surrounding structures by using X-rays.
Treatment
Laryngocele treatment depends on its size, symptoms, and potential complications:
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Laryngoceles that are small and asymptomatic may not require immediate treatment and can be monitored over time.
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An external incision or an endoscopic procedure may be required to remove a laryngocele that is symptomatic or large.
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Patients may require voice therapy and regular follow-up after surgery to ensure proper healing and function.
Prevention
In order to prevent congenital laryngocele, there are no specific measures. In order to decrease the risk of acquired laryngoceles, reduce activities that increase laryngeal pressure, such as excessive coughing, heavy lifting, or playing wind instruments. It is also important to manage conditions that contribute to increased laryngeal pressure, such as chronic respiratory problems.
Conclusion
Symptoms of a laryngocele include hoarseness, breathing difficulties, and swelling of the neck. Diagnosis involves laryngoscopy and imaging studies. Depending on the severity of symptoms and the size of the laryngocele, treatment may range from observation to surgical intervention. While it is not possible to prevent congenital laryngocele, managing activities and conditions that increase laryngeal pressure can help reduce the risk of acquired laryngocele. In order to manage symptoms and prevent complications, early diagnosis and treatment are essential.
