Causes
Hypervitaminosis D occurs when there is an excessive intake of vitamin D, resulting in elevated vitamin D levels in the body.
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High doses of vitamin D supplements are overconsumed
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The body produces vitamin D as a result of excessive exposure to sunlight
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Occasionally, it can result from certain medical conditions that cause the body to retain too much vitamin D
Symptoms
Hypervitaminosis D may cause the following symptoms:
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Vomiting and nausea
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Constipation
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Weakness and fatigue
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Appetite loss
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Weight loss
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Thirst that is excessive
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Frequent urination
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Muscle weakness
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Confusion
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Kidney stones
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Hypercalcemia (high blood calcium levels)
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of hypervitaminosis D usually involves a review of dietary habits, symptoms, and medical history, along with blood tests to measure vitamin D and calcium levels. Imaging tests may also be done to assess for potential complications, such as kidney stones.
Treatment
Hypervitaminosis D is treated by stopping vitamin D intake and managing symptoms. Depending on the severity of the symptoms and complications, treatment options may include:
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Reducing sunlight exposure and discontinuing vitamin D supplements
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Symptoms such as nausea and vomiting can be alleviated with hydration and supportive care
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Hypercalcemia and kidney stones should be monitored
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Medications to lower calcium levels or intravenous fluids may be used to treat hypercalcemia if it exists
Prevention
Hypervitaminosis D can be prevented by:
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Vitamin D intake from supplements and fortified foods should follow recommended guidelines
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Using sunscreen when necessary and avoiding excessive sun exposure during peak hours
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A healthcare provider should be consulted before taking vitamin D supplements, especially high doses
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Vitamin D levels should be monitored regularly, particularly for those at risk of deficiency or taking supplements
Conclusion
The condition hypervitaminosis D results from excessive vitamin D intake or sunlight exposure. It can cause a variety of symptoms and complications, such as hypercalcemia and kidney stones. In order to prevent hypervitaminosis D, it is imperative that you consume adequate amounts of vitamin D and monitor your levels regularly. If you experience symptoms, see your doctor for a proper diagnosis and treatment.
