Causes
The exact cause of hypercementosis is not always clear, but it is commonly associated with a number of factors, including:
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Inflammation or infection of the periodontal tissues over a long period of time
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Injuries to the teeth or surrounding structures
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Predisposition to genetic disorders
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Acromegaly or Paget's disease of the bones are examples of systemic conditions
Symptoms
There are not always symptoms of hypercementosis, especially in the early stages. However, some individuals may experience:
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A swelling or enlargement of the affected tooth root
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Pain or discomfort around the affected tooth, particularly when chewing or biting
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Affected tooth mobility or loosening
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A change in the alignment or positioning of adjacent teeth
Diagnosis
The dentist may perform the following tests to diagnose hypercementosis:
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Examine and palpate the affected tooth and surrounding tissues
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X-rays or cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans for visualizing cementum deposition and assessing associated changes to tooth structure or surrounding bone
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An evaluation of the dental and medical histories is performed to identify potential contributing factors or underlying systemic disorders
Treatment
Hypercementosis is treated based on the severity of symptoms and underlying causes. Treatment options include:
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In mild cases without significant symptoms or complications, regular monitoring may be sufficient.
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Conservative treatment: Nonsurgical approaches such as oral hygiene measures, anti-inflammatory medications, and dental splints or braces may alleviate symptoms and stabilize the tooth.
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To address the underlying issues and restore oral health, surgical procedures such as root canal therapy, apicoectomy (root-end surgery), or tooth extraction may be necessary.
Prevention
Maintaining good oral hygiene practices and addressing any underlying factors may prevent hypercementosis from developing. These factors include:
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Periodontal disease can be prevented by brushing and flossing regularly
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Infections or trauma to the mouth should be treated as soon as possible
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The management of systemic conditions that may increase the risk of hypercementosis, such as Paget's disease or acromegaly, under the guidance of a healthcare professional
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Early detection of any changes in dental health through routine dental check-ups and monitoring
Conclusion
A dental condition called hypercementosis is caused by excess cementum deposition on the roots of teeth. Although it may not always show symptoms, severe cases can result in pain, mobility, and functional impairment. To manage hypercementosis and maintain oral health, early diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and preventive measures are essential. Preventing complications and ensuring optimal outcomes for affected individuals can be accomplished with regular dental care and prompt intervention.
