An allergic inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin membrane covering the white part of the eye, is called giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC). This condition is characterized by the appearance of large papillae on the inside of the eyelids. Here are the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention:
Causes
GPC is often associated with chronic irritation caused by foreign objects on the surface of the eye, such as contact lenses, sutures, or ocular prostheses. When proteins or debris accumulate on these surfaces, they trigger an immune response, causing inflammation and the formation of papillae.
Symptoms
Giant papillary conjunctivitis may cause the following symptoms:
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An itching, burning, or gritty sensation in the eyes
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Conjunctival swelling and redness
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Tearing excessively (epiphora)
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Vision blurred
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Light sensitivity (photophobia)
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Having a feeling that something is stuck in your eye
Diagnosis
The presence of characteristic papillae on the inner surface of the eyelids confirms giant papillary conjunctivitis. An ophthalmologist or optometrist usually performs a comprehensive eye examination to diagnose giant papillary conjunctivitis. It may be necessary to perform additional tests to determine potential triggers or underlying factors, including allergy testing or examination of contact lenses.
Treatment
Treatment options for giant papillary conjunctivitis may include:
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The use of contact lenses should be discontinued or other offending ocular prostheses removed to reduce irritation and allow the eyes to heal.
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To relieve itching and inflammation, topical antihistamines or mast cell stabilizers are prescribed.
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Dryness and discomfort can be relieved with lubricating eye drops or artificial tears.
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Under close supervision of an eye care professional, use of topical corticosteroids to control severe inflammation.
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Maintaining good eyelid hygiene, including regular eyelid cleansing and avoiding excessive eye contact.
Prevention
Giant papillary conjunctivitis can be prevented by:
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Following proper contact lens hygiene practices, such as regular cleaning, disinfection, and replacement of lenses.
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Wearing contact lenses as little as possible, especially during times of increased ocular irritation or discomfort.
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Conjunctival tissue can be damaged by rubbing or scratching the eyes, which can exacerbate inflammation.
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To prevent complications and ensure appropriate treatment, seek medical attention immediately if you experience persistent or worsening eye symptoms.
Conclusion
Giant papillary conjunctivitis is a type of allergic inflammation of the conjunctiva, characterized by the formation of large papillae on the inner surface of the eyelids. In addition to chronic irritation caused by contact lenses and other ocular prostheses, early diagnosis and appropriate management can alleviate symptoms and prevent complications. Maintaining eye health and minimizing recurrence risk require good ocular hygiene and regular eye care.
