Here's a clear explanation of DLBCL's causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. It is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that originates in the lymphatic system.
Causes
The exact cause of diffuse large B cell lymphoma is unknown, but several factors may increase the risk:
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B cells can grow uncontrollably due to genetic mutations.
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Those with weakened immune systems or autoimmune diseases are more likely to develop the disease.
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Virus infections, such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), increase the risk.
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People over the age of 60 are most likely to suffer from this condition.
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Chemical exposure: Pesticides, solvents, and other chemicals can increase risk.
Symptoms
There are a variety of symptoms associated with DLBCL, including:
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Lymph Nodes Swollen: Painless swelling in the neck, armpits, or groin.
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An unexplained persistent fever.
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Sleep Sweats: Excessive sweating at night.
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Unintentional weight loss.
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An ongoing feeling of fatigue.
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Swelling or pain in the abdomen caused by enlarged lymph nodes or organs.
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If lymphoma affects the chest, you may experience chest pain or coughing.
Diagnosis
There are several steps involved in diagnosing diffuse large B cell lymphoma:
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Evaluation of symptoms and physical examination: Initial evaluation of symptoms.
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The purpose of blood tests is to assess overall health and detect any abnormalities.
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CT scans, PET scans, and MRIs are used to locate and determine the extent of lymphoma.
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A lymph node biopsy confirms the diagnosis and identifies the specific type of lymphoma.
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Aspiration of the bone marrow: To determine if the lymphoma has spread to the bone marrow.
Treatment
DLBCL is typically treated with a combination of therapies:
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It is usually treated with a regimen called R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone).
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In the case of localized cancer, radiation therapy may be combined with chemotherapy.
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Drugs that target specific molecules involved in cancer cell growth and survival.
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Rituximab, for example, uses the body's immune system to fight cancer.
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A stem cell transplant may be considered in cases of relapse or refractory DLBCL.
Prevention
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma cannot be prevented specifically, but general cancer prevention strategies can:
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Maintaining a healthy diet and regular physical activity is part of a healthy lifestyle.
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HIV and other infections associated with lymphoma risk should be avoided.
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Checkups: Routine health screenings to detect illness early.
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Preventing exposure to known carcinogens, such as pesticides and industrial chemicals.
The diffuse large B cell lymphoma is an aggressive but treatable form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. When individuals understand the risk factors and symptoms, they can seek timely medical attention and potentially improve their prognosis. The importance of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment cannot be overstated.
